Impact of consumption of a Mediterranean-style eating pattern including modified protein sources on plasma lipid profiles and health status markers in moderately obese middle-aged adults

Regardless of protein source, consumption of the MED diet showed profound effects on FA proportions in plasma phospholipid and triglyceride fractions. The phospholipid fraction showed increases in mol percentage proportions for oleic acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), total monounsaturated FA (MUFA), and total omega-3 FA. The phospholipid fraction showed decreases in mol percentage proportions for linoleic acid (LA) and the ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 FA. The triglyceride fraction showed increases in mol percentage proportions for oleic acid, DHA, and total omega-3 FA. The triglyceride fraction showed decreases in mol percentage proportions for palmitic acid, LA, alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), total saturated FA, total omega-6 FA, and the ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 FA. Based on the observed changes and correlations between the blood plasma fatty acid proportions and the final lipoprotein values, we conclude that both the amounts in the diet of saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated FA and the specific composition impacted improvements in risk factors for CVD observed with consumption of the MED diet