Global warming due to over usage of fossil fuels is leading to different kinds of
pollutions. Global warming can be controlled by switching non-renewable fossil fuels
with renewable alternative power sources like wind, solar, geothermal, biomass, and
ocean. Solar power is the most prominent alternative source around the world. Solar
power is being used as alternative power source in almost all countries around the
globe. Solar power uses radiation from sun to produce heat and the heat used for
different heating and cooling applications whereas electricity being one of them. Solar
power is being used in domestic applications as water heaters.
A solar collector is used to transfer energy from sun to heat water. A flat plate
solar collector is commonly used for water heating systems. Solar radiation is not
available entire day as other alternative energy sources so there may be a need to
store the collected radiation using a thermal storage system. This study considers a
solar collector system with a storage tank and phase change material (PCM). The
simulation of a transient process using one-dimensional mathematical model for the
collector and storage system with phase change materials (PCMs) is presented. The
collector used in this study is a flat plate model and paraffin wax encapsulated in
aluminum cylinders as phase change material (PCM). The thermal energy gained by
solar radiation can be stored for longer period in a system which has phase change
materials (PCMs) due to latent heat storage or enthalpy of fusion.