<b>MODELING OF FLOW FIELD, INCLUSION REMOVAL, ARC HEATING AND HOT METAL DESULFURIZATION IN THE GAS STIRRED LADLE</b>

<p dir="ltr">As demand for high-quality steel remains strong, optimizing ladle operations is crucial for efficiency in steelmaking. The ladle facilitates key processes such as homogenization, inclusion removal, degassing, and desulfurization. However, its complex multiphase nature—characterized by turbulence, high temperatures, and chemical reactions—makes direct observation challenging. This research develops Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models to analyze and optimize ladle processes.</p><p dir="ltr">The study presents four key models: (1) flow field and bubble distribution, (2) heat transfer and arc heating, (3) inclusion removal, and (4) hot metal desulfurization. The flow model simulates gas-stirred turbulence, validating velocity trends and slag eye size. The heat transfer model analyzes temperature distribution and slag behavior. The inclusion removal model examines bubble-inclusion interactions, while the desulfurization model assesses reagent efficiency.</p><p dir="ltr">This research provides validated CFD models to optimize ladle performance, offering insights into flow dynamics, heat transfer, inclusion behavior, and chemical reactions, ultimately improving steel production efficiency.</p>